The study examined the relationship between social cost accounting and firms’ performance of consumer goods sector quoted companies in Nigeria. The study employed donations (DONA) and employee health and safety scheme (EHSS) as the independent variables (representing social cost accounting), while return on assets (ROTA) was employed as the dependent variable (the measure of performance). Secondary data for the chosen variables were gotten from audited annual reports of sampled five listed companies in the consumer goods sector for the period of 2013 to 2019. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used as the techniques for data analysis. The study revealed that donations (DONA) had an insignificantly positive relationship with return on assets, while employee health and safety scheme (EHSS) had a significant positive association with return on assets at 5% level of significance. The value of the adjusted R-Squared revealed that the two independent variables, DONA and EHSS jointly indicate over 13% of the systematic variations in ROTA during the period studied and the F-statistic of 3.673620 (P-value of 0.036624) is significant as its probability value is less than 5% critical level. Based on the findings, the study recommended that consumer goods sector quoted companies should engage in purposeful SCA practices for their employees, and they should also focus more on customer satisfaction in order to increase the firm’s performance.