This study assessed the impacts of truancy on students‟ academic performance in public secondary Schoolsin Morogoro municipality. Three secondary schools, 21 Students, 21 Teachers, 3 head of schools,3 academic masters, 3 discipline masters, 3WEO and 1DEO within Morogoro Municipality were selected. The data was collected through interviews and focus group discussion and document review to determine the impacts of truancy on students‟ academic performance. The study used quantitative approach which employed the case study in addressing the impacts of truancy on students‟ academic performance in public secondary schools. Qualitative data were analyzed through thematically narration. The study found that Poor Academic Performance, Failure to Accomplish Academic Assignments, Disruption of Classroom Dynamic and Repetition of Classes were the impacts of truancy on students‟ academic performance in Public Secondary Schools in Morogoro municipality.

ISQAT enables teachers and pupils to adhere learning behaviors-in school process. However, the contribution of ISQAT towards academic performance depends on the effectiveness of its operations. It is necessary to examine the connection between ISQAT operations with the improvement of academic performance. Therefore, this study investigated the contributions of ISQAT towards improving academic performance in public primary schools. Employing case study design, the study sampled 50 respondents from Singida Municipal. The study revealed that ISQAT plays important roles in improving teaching methodologies, improvement of teacher’s accountability and improvement of school selfevaluation.

The study identified socio-cultural practices among the pogoro community that hinder girls’ retention in public secondary schools in Ulanga District-Morogoro-Tanzania. There was deficiency of information on reviewed studies on exact elements of socio-cultural practices which accelerate dropout of female students in Ulanga District. The study was guided by Ruth Pearson theory based on the framework of gender relations. The study adopted concurrent triangulation research design, which is one of the mixed method approach model. Purposive sampling, simple randomly sampling and stratified sampling were used to establish sample size from the target population for the study. The content validity of instruments was assured while reliability of the data collection tool was ensured by Pearson product moment coefficient of r=0.7825. The quantitative data was analyzed by using descriptive statistical by the use of statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) software version 25. While qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study revealed that early pregnancy and economic status of the parents were the major factors that hindered girls' retention in secondary school. Other factors included initiation rites, traditional negative attitudes towards girls' education, traditional festival such as sangura, parental lazier fare and frequent family conflicts or breakages. The study recommended that the government should formulate affirmative policy that would protect female students against such discriminative practices, construct of girls' hostel, creating awareness among parents on the rights and benefits of education to female students, provision of sanitary towels to girls as measures to address the lack of retention of girls in secondary schools.

The study focus was to find out prospects of parental attitudes towards students’ educational aspirations in Kongwa district. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research approach. A total of 72 respondents were involved in the study including head of schools, teachers, parents and students. The study involved six government secondary schools from Kongwa district and it was guided with Expectancy Theory as proposed by Vroom in 1964 which seem to be relevant to the phenomenon under investigation in the sense that, both attitudes and aspirations ends with certain expectations. The reliability of the instruments was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha and the results were 0.722.The data collection method was interview, questionnaire and focus group discussion. The qualitative data obtained was presented through thematic analysis while quantitative data was presented in tables of frequencies and percentages. The study findings revealed that, the parental positive attitude towards their children’s education inspired the students to perform better and aspire for higher education. It was recommended that, Educational administrators should strive to keep good relationship with parents and constant communication so as to create a rapport between the community and school to enhance students’ educational aspirations. Awareness should be created among parents towards the importance of education so as to inspire their children educational aspirations.

This paper investigates socio-syntactic approach to translation. Socio-syntactic approach to translation is more useful in language planning, because it deals with the social and structural aspect of the language. The study adopts sociolinguistics theory, sociolinguistics theory has a clear and extensive theory which views language planning, from a scientific perspective, unlike other theory of translation which is primarily based on assumptions, speculations and unprofessional opinions of people. The theory of sociolinguistics holds that language is viewed as a tool which can be evaluated, regulated and changed so as to be prestigious. Sociolinguistics theory of translation is more advantageous than other theories of translation as it concentrates on the structural aspect and the social nature of a language. The supremacy of sociolinguistics‟ theory over other theories or models summarily be based on its basis on society and the interaction pattern in the society and no language is optimal in a society. The implication of the sociolinguistics theory to teaching is that it is rooted in the society, emphasis is placed on the language values, culture and aspirations of the society where it exists. It helps to create awareness for learners to understand the culture and the cultural differences in the society

In 2019, the Council of Europe adopted a specific manual to prevent and combat sexism and invited all European countries to change their policies, legislation, programs, and language to achieve gender equality. Discrimination on the grounds of sex and/or gender constitutes a violation of human rights and is an impediment to the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Sexism is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between women and men, leading to discrimination and preventing women's full advancement. It is widespread and prevalent in all sectors of society and linked to violence against women and girls, whereby acts of “everyday” sexism are part of a continuum of violence that creates a climate of intimidation, fear, discrimination, exclusion, and insecurity that limits opportunities and freedom. Eliminating gender stereotypes and sexism is a top priority for all European countries and language and grammar rules are essential to reaching these goals. This qualitative research aims to analyze how the 2019’s Council of Europe guidelines against sexism have interacted with the Italian language, and how its grammar has changed. Last but not least, it aims to determine if Italy has achieved complete gender equality or if sexism still affects women’s life.

The study was set to find out the factors of examination malpractice in secondary schools in Morogoro Municipality. Four secondary schools, 28 students, 4 heads of school, 42 Teachers, 4 school committee chairpersons, 4 WEOs, and 1DEO within Morogoro Municipality were selected. The data was collected through interviews and questionnaires to determine the causes of examination malpractice in secondary schools. The study used both qualitative and quantitative approach which employed the descriptive design in addressing possible factors of examination malpractices in secondary schools. Quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. The study found that inadequate coverage of syllabus, desire to pass the examination at all costs, corruption and moral decay, overcrowded class, pressure from peers, parents and guardians, learning environment students positive attitude to examination malpractice, low salary for teachers and low level of self-control were the factors of examination malpractice.

Material culture refers to the physical objects, artifacts, and structures created and used by humans as a part of their cultural expression. The study of material culture within cultural geography often involves collaboration with experts in archaeology, anthropology, history, and other fields to provide a comprehensive understanding of how culture is expressed and experienced through physical objects and spaces. Knowing the material culture of Shahjahanabad is essential to the co-relate how living in Shahjahanabad catalyses the act and quality of writing. Not only is this essential for preserving its rich heritage, understanding its historical significance, and fostering its continued cultural and economic vitality, but also for understanding the literature that in based in/ on Shahjahanabad. The paper attempts to study Shahjahanabad through the lens of material culture.It is commonplace to invoke the syncretic „Ganga-Jamuni‟ tahzeeb of Shahjahanabad. However, as this study affirms, it is imperative for Delhi scholars and enthusiasts to delve into the complexity and diversity of its material culture as a defining component of its urban anthropology, sociology, geography and literature.

This study was undertaken to assess teachers’ Physiological welfare Needs and its Influence on Job performance in secondary schools in Mpwapwa district. Each public organization designs goals and objectives and has to provide necessary means to reach them, but having continued to operate poorly, sometimes that leads it into failure and poor management. Data for this study was collected through document review, interviews and questionnaire. The quantitative data was coded and entered into the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 for analysis, while qualitative data gathered was transcribed then, coded into themes. The study found out that there is a positive and significant relationship between incentives and remuneration, involvement of teachers in decision making, community attitude, good school culture, respect, acknowledgement and teachers bonding meetings.

The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of child street vending on education attainment in Morogoro Municipality. The study was guided by three specific objectives, namely: to identify the causes of child street vending in Morogoro Municipality, to identify the challenges faced by child street vending in education attainment, and to propose remedial measures to address these challenges. To achieve the objectives, a phenomenological research design was used based on a qualitative research approach. The findings were gathered using in-depth interviews and observation. The findings of this study revealed that the problem of child street vending is caused by different factors, including the economic difficulties of the parents, which also posed a problem for the village government in combating child street vending. The study also observed that parents/guardians struggle to support themselves financially, making it difficult to prevent their children from engaging in street vending and compromising their education. In addition, in some families, education was not a priority as parents focused on small businesses and children instead of focusing on their children's education. Moreover, the study also found that parents' lack of education prevented them from discouraging their children from engaging in street vending activities. The study concludes that effective policies, laws, rules and regulations are an essential catalyst towards sustainable social change. The need of accessibility to education among all children in the country needs enforceable mechanisms that compel all parents to obey. For these purposes, it is compulsory to introduce laws, rules and regulations at central and local government levels. Therefore, to address the issue of child street vending and its impact on education attainment, the study recommends that adequate funds should be allocated to facilitate awareness campaigns against child street vending, national poverty reduction strategy should be seriously implemented to improve household income and alleviate the economic challenges faced by families. Also, the study recommends for media to introduce special awareness programs to combat child street vending and the government to increase the number of social welfare even at ward level.

The Zous, one of the ethnic tribes of the Chin-Kuki-Mizo group, areinhabiting in the southern part of Manipur in North East India.. They have traditional religious beliefs from time immemorial which shaped their way of life. The Zous believed in the existence of Supreme Being and Spirits of ancestors. They also believed that the world was inhabited by various spirits which were either benevolent or malignant to man. The daily life of the Zous was revolved around appeasing the malevolent spirits that dwelt in dense forest, streams, mountains, water, rocks, rivers, etc. They believed that after death, the soul of man would go through misikhuo (the abode of dead) and pielgal(place beyond misikhuo) to reach heaven. This paper attempts to study the religious beliefs of the Zous in the pre-Christian times.

Juvenile delinquency is a growing phenomenon that is of global concern. The menace of juvenile delinquency is becoming perpetual leading to reactions from societies across the world. Thus, this study analyses predisposing factors and control of juvenile delinquency in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau state, Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was used and a total of two hundred (207) adolescents and parents were used as sample for the study. This sample size was drawn from secondary schools and households through cluster and stratified random sampling. Two (2) research questions were raised. A questionnaire was designed and validated by experts in the field of criminology and security studies in University of Jos. The choice of these process and procedure is because it is suitable for a relatively large sample size and generalization. The study equally adopted qualitative methods in order to triangulate the findings. Thus, an in-depth interview was conducted with seven (7) interviewee purposively selected from households, vigilante group and schools. They were selected because they were knowledgeable on the subject matter. The study was guided by structural functionalist perspective. The findings from the study revealed that there is a high rate of juvenile delinquency in the study and the predisposing factors are family background and peer group influence. The study recommended a statutory frame work for effective coordination of all partners and stakeholders in the area of juvenile delinquency for effective prevention of juvenile delinquency to adult criminality transition.